Acta Informatica Pragensia X:X | DOI: 10.18267/j.aip.302196

Towards Intelligent Communication Systems for High-Speed Railways: Themes, Challenges and Future Perspectives

Arwidya Tantri Agtusia ORCID...1, Ratna Nurmayni ORCID...1, Linda Nuryanti ORCID...1, Siti Vivi Octaviany ORCID...1, Okghi Adam Qowiy ORCID...1,2, Akhmad Sarif ORCID...2,3, Vebriyanti Hayoto ORCID...1
1 Research Center of Transportation Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, South Tangerang, Indonesia
2 Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
3 Research Center of Structural Strength Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, South Tangerang, Indonesia

Background: The rapid development of high-speed railway (HSR) systems requires advanced and reliable communication infrastructure to support operational safety, passenger services and intelligent transportation functions. Despite growing attention, comprehensive reviews of scientific developments in HSR communication systems remain limited.

Objective: This article seeks to explore the development, thematic landscape and prospective directions of HSR communication studies through bibliometric analysis, emphasizing the identification of core technologies, prevailing research trends and promising avenues for future investigation.

Methods: A total of 352 articles published between 2005 and 2024 were retrieved from the Scopus database to examine research development in the field. The dataset was cleaned using OpenRefine and analysed through keyword co-occurrence techniques in VOSviewer and Biblioshiny. This analysis identified thematic clusters, temporal trends and core technologies shaping the research domain.

Results: The study highlights four major research clusters: artificial intelligence (AI) and adaptive communication technologies, fifth-generation (5G) network architecture and mobility solutions, signal processing and quality of service (QoS) optimization and channel modelling with propagation characteristics. Massive multiple-input multiple-output (massive MIMO) and millimetre-wave (mmWave) technologies emerge as key enablers for addressing high-mobility challenges. Furthermore, the findings reveal a growing integration of AI, edge computing and real-time communication protocols in recent research.

Conclusion: This overview offers a macro-level perspective on the scientific landscape of HSR communication studies. The findings underscore the growing adoption of adaptive, intelligent and energy-efficient technologies, providing strategic guidance for future scholarly work and policymaking in advancing next-generation railway communication systems.

Keywords: High-speed railway; HSR; Communication systems; Bibliometric analysis; Massive MIMO; 5G communication; Artificial intelligence; AI.

Received: September 9, 2025; Revised: December 13, 2025; Accepted: January 9, 2026; Prepublished online: April 29, 2026 

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